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| Selected Reading |
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Allue M, Ruiz Sopena C, Gallardo MT, et al. Tularemia outbreak in Castilla y Leon, Spain, 2007: an update. Eurosurveillance 2008 Aug 7;13(32):pii=18948 [Full text]
Avashia SB, Petersen JM, Lindley CM, et al. First reported prairie dog-to-human tularemia transmission, Texas, 2002. Emerg Infect Dis 2004 Mar;10(3):483-6 [Full text]
Bakshi CS, Malik M, Mahawar M, et al. An improved vaccine for prevention of respiratory tularemia caused by Francisella tularensis ScuS4 strain. Vaccine 2008 Sep 26;26(41):5276-88 [Abstract]
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Beckstrom-Sternberg SM, Auerbach RK, Godbole S, et al. Complete genomic characterization of a pathogenic A.II strain of Francisella tularensis subspecies tularensis. PLoS ONE 2007 Sep 26;2(9):e947 [Full text]
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Carlson PE Jr, Carroll JA, O'dee DM, et al. Modulation of virulence factors in Francisella tularensis determines human macrophage responses. Microb Pathog 2007 May-Jun;42(5-6):204-14 [Abstract]
CDC. Laboratory Information>Biosafety>Vaccines [Table]
CDC. Outbreak of tularemia among commercially distributed prairie dogs, 2002. MMWR 2002;51(31):688,699 [Full text]
CDC. Tularemia associated with a hamster bite: Colorado 2004. MMWR 2005 Jan 7;53(51 & 52):1202-3 [Full text]
CDC. Tularemia transmitted by insect bites: Wyoming, 2001-2003. MMWR 2005 Feb 25;54(7):170-3 [Full text]
CDC. Tularemia: United States, 1990-2000. MMWR 2002;51(09):182-4 [Full text]
Cepheid. Cepheid ships field-ready DNA test kits jointly developed with USAMRIID for four bio-threat agents. Jan 7, 2002 [Press release]
Charity JC, Costante-Hamm MM, Balon EL, et al. Twin RNA polymerase-associated proteins control virulence gene expression in Francisella tularensis. PLoS Pathog 2007 Jun;4(6):e84 [Full text]
Chaudhuri RR, Ren CP, Desmond L, et al. Genome sequencing shows that European isolates of Francisella tularensis subspecies tularensis are almost identical to US laboratory strain Schu S4. PLoS One 2007 Apr;2(4):e352 [Full text]
Clemens DL, Lee BY, Horwitz MA. Francisella tularensis enters macrophages via a novel process involving pseudopod loops. Infect Immun 2005 Sep;73(9):5892-902. [Full text]
Clemens DL, Lee TY, Horwitz MA. Virulent and avirulent strains of Francisella tularensis prevent acidification and maturation of their phagosomes and escape into the cytoplasm in human macrophages. Infect Immun 2004 Jun;72(6):3204-17 [Abstract]
Conlan JW, Chen W, Shen H, et al. Experimental tularemia in mice challenged by aerosol or intradermally with virulent strains of Francisella tularensis: bacteriologic and histopathologic studies. Microb Pathog 2003 May;34(5):239-48 [Abstract]
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Cunha BA. Anthrax, tularemia, plague, ebola or smallpox as agents of bioterrorism: recognition in the emergency room. Clin Microbiol Rev 2002 Aug 8(8):489-503 [Abstract]
Dembek ZF, Buckman RL, Fowler SK, et al. Missed sentinel case of naturally occurring pneumonic tularemia outbreak: lessons for detection of bioterrorism. J Am Board Fam Pract 2003 Jul-Aug;16(4):339-42 [Full text]
Dempsey MP, Dobson M, Zhang C, et al. Genomic deletion marking an emerging subclone of Francisella tularensis subsp holarctica in France and the Iberian peninsula. Appl Environ Microbiol 2007 Nov;73(22):7465-70 [Abstract]
Dennis DT, Inglesby TV, Henderson DA, et al. Tularemia as a biological weapon: medical and public health management. JAMA 2001;285(21):2763-73 [Full text]
Eliasson H, Lindback J, Nuorti JP. The 2000 tularemia outbreak: a case-control study of risk factors in disease-endemic and emergent areas, Sweden. Emerg Infect Dis 2002(Sep);8(9) [Full text]
Eliasson H, Olcen P, Sjostedt A, et al. Kinetics of the immune response associated with tularemia: comparison of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, a tube agglutination test, and a novel whole-blood lymphocyte stimulation test. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2008 Aug;15(8):1238-43 [Abstract]
Ellis J, Oyston PCF, Green M, et al. Tularemia. Clin Microbiol Rev 2002 Oct;15(4):631-46 [Abstract]
Emanuel PA, Bell R, Dang JL, et al. Detection of Francisella tularensis within infected mouse tissues by using a hand-held PCR thermocycler. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41(2):689-93 [Abstract]
Evans ME, Friedlander AM. Tularemia. In: Zajtchuk R, Bellamy RF, eds. Textbook of military medicine: medical aspects of chemical and biological warfare. Chap 24. Washington, DC: Office of the Surgeon General, Borden Institute, Walter Reed Army Medical Center [Full text]
Farlow J, Wagner DM, Dukerich M, et al. Francisella tularensis in the United States. Emerg Infect Dis 2005 Dec;11(12):1835-41 [Full text]
Feldman KA, Stiles-Enos D, Julian K, et al. Tularemia on Martha's Vineyard: seroprevalence and occupational risk. Emerg Infect Dis 2003 Mar;9(3):350-4 [Full text]
Forestal CA, Malik M, Catlett SV, et al. Francisella tularensis has a significant extracellular phase in infected mice. J Infect Dis 2007 Jul 1;196(1):134-7 [Abstract]
Gentry M, Taormina J, Pyles RB, et al. Role of primary human alveolar epithelial cells in host defense against Francisella tularensis infection. Infect Immun 2007 Aug;75(8):3969-78 [Abstract]
Gil H, Platz GJ, Forestal CA, et al. Deletion of TolC orthologs in Francisella tularensis identifies roles in multidrug resistance and virulence. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2006 Aug 22;103(34):12897-902 [Abstract]
Goethert HK, Shani I, Telford SR III. Genotypic diversity of Francisella tularensis infecting Dermacentor variabilis ticks on Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts. J Clin Microbiol 2004 Nov;42(11):4968-73 [Abstract]
Hall JD, Craven RR, Fuller JR, et al. Francisella tularensis replicates within alveolar type II epithelial cells in vitro and in vivo following inhalation. Infect Immun 2007 Feb;75(2):1034-9 [Abstract]
Hassoun A, Spera R, Dunkel J. Tularemia and once-daily gentamicin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2006 Feb;50(2):824. [Full text]
Hazlett KRO, Caldon SD, McArthur DG, et al. Adaptation of Francisella tularensis to the mammalian environment is governed by cues which can be mimicked in vitro. Infect Immun 2008 Oct;76(10):4479-88 [Abstract]
Hepburn MJ, Purcell BK, Lawler JV, et al. Live vaccine strain Francisella tularensis is detectable at the inoculation site but not in blood after vaccination against tularemia. Clin Infect Dis 2006 Sep 15;43(6):711-6 [Abstract]
Hornick R. Tularemia revisited. N Engl J Med 2001;345(22):1637-9 [Full text]
Horzempa J, Carlson PE Jr, O'Dee DM, et al. Global transcriptional response to mammalian temperature provides new insight into Francisella tularensis pathogenesis. BMC Microbiol 2008;8:172 (published online Oct 8) [Abstract]
Hotta A, Uda A, Fujita O, et al. Preparation of monoclonal antibodies for detection and identification of Francisella tularensis. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2007 Jan;14(1):81-4 [Abstract]
Huntley JF, Conley PG, Hagman KE, et al. Characterization of Francisella tularensis outer membrane proteins. J Bacteriol 2007 Jan;189(2):561-7 [Abstract]
Huntley JF, Conley PG, Rasko DA, et al. Native outer membrance proteins protect mice against pulmonary challenge with virulent type A Francisella tularensis. Infect Immun 2008 Aug;76(8):3664-71 [Abstract]
Isherwood KE, Titball RW, Davies DH, et al. Vaccination strategies for Francisella tularensis. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2005 Jun 17;57(9):1403-14 [Full text]
Kantardjiev T, Ivanov I, Velinov T, et al. Tularemia outbreak, Bulgaria, 1997?2005. Emerg Infect Dis 2006;12(4):678-80 [Full text]
Kantardjiev TV, Padeshki PI, Ivanov IN. Diagnostic approaches for oculoglandular tularemia-advantages of PCR. Br J Ophthalmol 2007 (published online May 2) [Abstract]
Kaufmann AF, Meltzer MI, Schmid GP. The economic impact of a bioterrorist attack: are prevention and postattack intervention programs justifiable? Emerg Infect Dis 1997;3(2):83-94 [Full text]
Kaysser P, Seibold E, Matz-Rensing K, et al. Re-emergence of tularemia in Germany: presence of Francisella tularensis in different rodent species in endemic areas. BMC Infect Dis 2008;8:157 (published online Nov 17) [Abstract]
Kirimanjeswara GS, Golden JM, Bakshi CS, et al. Prophylactic and therapeutic use of antibodies for protection against respiratory infection with Francisella tularensis. J Immunol 2007 Jul 1;179(1):532-9 [Abstract]
Kugeler KJ, Mead PS, McGowan KL, et al. Isolation and characterization of a novel Francisella sp. from human cerebrospinal fluid and blood. J Clin Microbiol 2008 Jul;46(7):2428-31 [Abstract]
KuoLee R, Harris G, Conlan JW, et al. Oral immunization of mice with the live vaccine strain (LVS) of Francisella tularensis protects mice against respiratory challenge with virulent type A F tularensis. Vaccine 2007;May 10;25(19):3781-91 [Abstract]
KuoLee R, Zhao X, Austin J, et al. Mouse model of oral infection with virulent type A Francisella tularensis. Infect Immun 2007 Apr;75(4):1651-60 [Abstract]
Larsson P, Svensson K, Karlsson L, et al. Canonical insertion-deletion markers for rapid DNA-based typing of Francisella tularensis. Emerg Infect Dis 2007 Nov;13(11):1725-32 [Full text]
Lavine CL, Clinton SR, Angelova-Fischer I, et al. Immunization with heat-killed Francisella tularensis LVS elicits protective antibody-mediated immunity. Eur J Immunol 2007 Nov;37(11):3007-20 [Abstract]
Lembo A, Pelletier M, Iyer R, et al. Administration of a synthetic TLR4 agonist protects mice from pneumonic tularemia. J Immunol 2008 Jun 1;180(11):7574-81 [Abstract]
Lindemann SR, McLendon MK, Apicella MA, et al. An in vitro model system used to study adherence and invasion of Francisella tularenisis live vaccine strain in nonphagocytic cells. Infect Immun 2007 Jun;75(6):3178-82 [Abstract]
Lopes de Carvalho I, Escudero R, Garcia-Amil C, et al. Francisella tularensis, Portugal. Emerg Infect Dis 2007 Apr;13(4) (published online Feb 27) [Full text]
Martin C, Gallardo MT, Mateos L, et al. Outbreak of tularemia in Castilla y Leon, Spain. Eurosurveillance Weekly 2007 Nov 8;12(11):E071108.1 [Full text]
Matz-Rensing K, Floto A, Schrod A, et al. Epizootic of tularemia in an outdoor housed group of cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Vet Pathol 2007 May;44(3):327-34 [Abstract]
McCaffrey RL, Allen L-AH. Francisella tularensis LVS evades killing by human neutrophils via inhibition of the respiratory burst and phagosome escape. J Leukoc Biol 2006 Dec;80(6):1224-30 [Abstract]
McMurry JA, Gregory SH, Moise L, et al. Diversity of Francisella tularensis Schu4 antigens recognized by T lymphocytes after natural infections in humans: identification of candidate epitopes for inclusion in a rationally designed tularemia vaccine. Vaccine 2007 Apr;25(16):3179-91 [Abstract]
Meric M, Willke A, Finke EJ, et al. Evaluation of clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic features of 145 tularemia cases: the role of quinolones in oropharyngeal tularemia. APMIS 2008 Jan;116(1):66-73 [Abstract]
Mohapatra NP, Balagopal A, Soni S, et al. AcpA is a Francisella acid phosphatase that affects intramacrophage survival and virulence. Infect Immun 2007 Jan;75(1):390-6 [Abstract]
Mohapatra NP, Soni S, Bell BL, et al. Identification of an orphan response regulator required for the virulence of Francisella spp and transcription of pathogenicity island genes. Infect Immun 2007 Jul;75(7):3305-14 [Abstract]
Molins-Schneekloth CR, Belisle JT, Petersen JM. Genomic markers for differentiation of Francisella tularensis subsp tularensis A.I and A.II strains. Appl Environ Microbiol 2008 Jan;74(1):336-41 [Abstract]
Murphy T, Rolfs A, Hu Y, et al. A full-genomic sequence-verified protein-coding gene collection for Francisella tularensis. PLoS One 2007 Jun;2(6):e577 [Full text]
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Niska RW, Burt CW. Training for terrorism-related conditions in hospitals: United States, 2003-04. Adv Data 2006 Dec 11;(380):1-9 [Full text]
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Ojeda SS, Wang ZJ, Mares CA, et al. Rapid dissemination of Francisella tularensis and the effect of route of infection. BMC Microbiol 2008 Dec 9;8:215 [Abstract]
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Pammit MA, Raulie EK, Lauriano CM, et al. Intranasal vaccination with a defined attenuated Francisella novicida strain induces gamma interferon-dependent antibody-mediated protection against tularemia. Infect Immun 2006 Apr;74(4):2063-71 [Abstract]
Payne L, Arneborn M, Tegnell A, et al. Endemic tularemia, Sweden, 2003. Emerg Infect Dis 2005 Sep;11(9) [Full text]
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Pechous RD, McCarthy TR, Mohapatra NP, et al. A Francisella tularensis Schu S4 purine auxotroph is highly attenuated in mice but offers limited protection against homologous intranasal challenge. PLoS ONE 2008 Jun 25;3(6):e2487 [Abstract]
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Petersen JM, Carlson JK, Dietrich G, et al. Multiple Francisella tularensis subspecies and clades, tularemia outbreak, Utah. Emerg Infect Dis 2008 Dec (published online Nov 18) [Full text]
Petersen JM, Schriefer ME, Carter LG, et al. Laboratory analysis of tularemia in wild-trapped, commercially traded prairie dogs, Texas, 2002. Emerg Infect Dis 2004 Mar;10(3):419-25 [Full text]
Peterson JM, Schriefer ME, Gage KL, et al. Methods for enhanced culture recovery of Francisella tularensis. Appl Environ Microbiol 2004 Jun;70(6):3733-5 [Abstract]
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Raynaud C, Meibom KL, Lety MA, et al. Role of the wbt locus of Francisella tularensis in lipopolysaccharide O-antigen biogenesis and pathogenicity. Infect Immun 2007 Jan;75(1):536-41 [Abstract]
Rohmer L, Brittnacher M, Svensson K, et al. Potential source of Francisella tularensis live vaccine strain attenuation determined by genome comparison. Infect Immun 2006 Dec;74(12):6895-906 [Abstract]
Sebastian S, Dillon ST, Lynch JG, et al. A defined O-antigen polysaccharide mutant of Francisella tularensis live vaccine strain has attenuated virulence while retaining its protective capacity. Infect Immun 2007 May;75(5):2591-602 [Abstract]
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